Cryptography
Cryptography
Cryptography or cryptology is a field of mathematics and computer science concerned with information security and related issues, particularly encryption and authentication. As the noted cryptologist Ron Rivest summarized: cryptography is about communication in the presence of adversaries.
Cryptography is an interdisciplinary subject, drawing from several fields. Older forms of cryptography were chiefly concerned with patterns in language. More recently, the emphasis has shifted, and cryptography makes extensive use of mathematics, particularly discrete mathematics, including topics from number theory, information theory, computational complexity, statistics and combinatorics. Cryptography is also considered a branch of engineering, but it is considered to be an unusual one as it deals with active, intelligent and malevolent opposition. Cryptography is a tool used within computer and network security.
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Cryptography Related Products
As anyone responsible for data security already knows, most company data is either not stored securely or is e-mailed as plain text. Campaigns to secure internal and external communications by using public key infrastructures (PKIs) have so far failed to provide a comprehensive solution.
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Cryptography Related Product Families
F-Secure Corporation protects individuals and businesses against computer viruses and other threats spreading through the Internet and mobile networks. Their key strength is the speed of response to new threats. Businesses can benefit from the centralised management of F-Secure solutions.
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Voltage Security, Inc., an enterprise security company, is the global leader in information encryption. Voltage solutions, based on next generation cryptography, provide encryption that just works for protecting valuable, regulated and sensitive information persistently and based on policy. Voltage delivers power, simplicity and the lowest total cost of ownership in the industry through the use of award-winning Voltage Identity-Based Encryption™ (IBE).
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Cryptography Related Industry News
ICSA Labs' Firewall 4.0 Certification Criteria is the First-Ever Customized Program to Test Products against the Unique Security Needs of Three Distinct User Groups Eleven Firewall Products Meet the Security Industry's Most Rigorous and Customized Testing Criteria MECHANICSBURG, Pa.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 3, 2002-- ICSA Labs®, an independent division of TruSecure Corporation®, today announced that it has created the first testing and certification criteria that address the unique performance nee......
[more] 'Hack-proof' cryptography goes quantum Toshiba researchers demonstrate secure comms over 100km for the first time. Researchers have developed new technology that could allow companies to implement hack-proof communications in three years.
The technology, based on quantum cryptography, was demonstrated by Toshiba Research Europe this week working over distances of 100km for the first time.
Research laboratory group leader Andrew Shields explained that the technology will be applicable for......
[more] Is security getting any easier? Although governments and companies appear to be making significant headway on many security problems, don't expect headaches like spam to disappear anytime soon, according to security experts. Human error, combined with the increasing technical sophistication of malicious hackers, creates a situation in which security, ultimately, can never be perfect, security specialists on the cryptographer's panel at the RSA Conference here said Tuesday.
Invariably, indiv......
[more] Competing technologies could shake up e-mail Microsoft’s announcement at the RSA Conference last week of a host of initiatives to stop unsolicited commercial e-mail, or spam, highlighted some tectonic shifts taking place in the once staid world of Internet messaging. The company’s new e-mail authentication architecture, known as "Caller ID," is being met with cautious acceptance. However, Microsoft will probably not have the last word on secure e-mail, and a shake-out of antispam solutions backe......
[more] Earthlink to test sender authentication ISP (Internet service provider) Earthlink Inc. will soon begin testing new e-mail security technology, including Microsoft Corp.'s recently released Caller ID technology, a company executive said.
Earthlink will be experimenting "very soon," with "sender authentication" technology including Caller ID and a similar plan called Sender Policy Framework (SPF). The Atlanta-based ISP will be evaluating other e-mail security proposals as well, but is not bac......
[more] Competing Technologies Shake Up E-Mail How will rival authentication schemes change the way we communicate online? Microsoft's recent announcement of a host of initiatives to stop unsolicited commercial e-mail, or spam, highlighted some tectonic shifts taking place in the once staid world of Internet messaging. The company's announcement was made at the RSA Conference, a leading annual meeting on electronic data security that was held in San Francisco late last month.
Caller ID
The company's......
[more] Half of all email is now spam According to a recent Yankee Group report titled E-Mail Security Solutions Providers Seek to Stop Spam and Viruses at the Perimeter, half of all e-mail sent today is spam.
The report also claims that the challenge of filtering unwanted messages at the edge of U.S. businesses has created a $140 million market.
It's no secret that spam is a huge problem that the industry and governments are still trying to solve.
"Legislation alone is not sufficient; we a......
[more] Miscreants encrypt files, hold them for ransom In a new type of online attack, extortionists remotely encrypt user files and then demand money for the key to decode the information. In a case documented by San Diego-based Web security company Websense, the attack occurs after a user visits a Web site containing code that exploits a known flaw in Microsoft's Internet Explorer Web browser. The flaw is used to download and run a malicious program that in turn downloads an application that encrypts......
[more] Hacker magazine shuts up shop Hacking magazine Phrack is closing after 20 years of publishing after its editorial team decided to call it a day. The final date for submissions for the special hardback last issue of the mag was Sunday 10 July. Issue 63 will be released at the Defcon and WhatTheHack2005 hacker conventions later this month.
The first issue of the magazine (which styles itself as the house magazine of the international computer underground) was released on 11 November, 1985, and c......
[more] Make our anti-spam tech the standard, say Yahoo! 'You won't regret it... ' An anti-spam technology that focuses on identifying forged email addresses has been proposed as a standard by Cisco Systems, Yahoo! and partners.
The companies, along with software makers Sendmail and PGP, submitted their DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) specification to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) this weekend. The IETF, a standards setting body, is expected to start discussing the technology during its......
[more] Hackers cash in on 802.1x confusion Companies are leaving their wireless networks exposed to hackers because of widespread failure to understand or implement 802.11x security systems, a survey has claimed.
The study commissioned security vendor nCipher revealed less than half of firms plan to introduce the technology in the next two years. It comes as another blow to producers of 802.1x equipment, following Forrester research in March which showed the technology is more costly to implement tha......
[more] Wireless security cracked in a minute German researchers demonstrate new technique to break Wep-protected networks in 60 seconds. The security found in most wireless access points can now be cracked in under a minute, cryptographic researchers found.Erik Tews, Andrei Pychkine and Ralf-Philipp Weinmann at the cryptography and computer algebra group at the Technical University Darmstadt in Germany found that by refining and applying a form of attack against Wired Equivalent Privacy (Wep) developed......
[more] Is this the end of spam and spoof email? Yahoo!, Cisco: 'We have the DomainKeys... ' Spammers, phishers and other internet fraudsters, be warned.A key internet standards body has given preliminary approval to a powerful technology designed to detect and block fake email messages.It's called DomainKeys Identified Mail, and it promises to give internet users the best chance so far of staunching the seemingly endless flow of fraudulent junk email.Cisco Systems, PGP Corporation, Sendmail and Yahoo!......
[more] The top 10 reasons Web sites get hacked Experts say the people who actually build Web applications aren't paying much attention to security; a non-profit group is trying to solve that Web security is at the top of customers' minds after many well-publicized personal data breaches, but the people who actually build Web applications aren't paying much attention to security, experts say. "They're totally ignoring it," says IT consultant Joel Snyder. "When you go to your Web site des......
[more] Securing the Enterprise Beyond the Perimeter Recent high-profile security breaches have taught us a clear lesson: organizations that rely primarily on a secure perimeter to protect sensitive data are fooling themselves. This year, hardly a week has passed without headlines about a security breach involving sensitive data. However criminals get the data, whether through a traditional perimeter breach, use of insider credentials or outright theft of physical storage media, the lesson is the same.......
[more] PlayStation a hacker's dream The powerful processors in Sony's PlayStation 3 gaming console now have another use: cracking passwords. New Zealand-based security researcher Nick Breese claims to have used the year-old gaming console to crack passwords at speeds 100 times greater than Intel hardware is capable of.Breese, a security consultant with Security-Assessment.com, presented his findings to the Kiwicon hacker conference in Wellington, New Zealand."Suddenly we have a massive increase in......
[more] MiFare RFID crack more extensive than previously thought The ubiquitous MiFare Classic RFID chip -- used daily by millions worldwide in access control keys, subway passes, and other applications -- is even easier to crack than previously thought, according to security researchers who announced the development Monday at the international cryptography conference EuroCrypt in Istanbul. Mere seconds are all that is required to crack the chip's security -- not a few hours, as estimated last month. K......
[more] Researcher: Debian cryptography may be flawed A security researcher has warned that cryptographic keys generated in the last year and a half using Debian OpenSSL may be invalid. HD Moore, director of research for network-security company BreakingPoint Systems, posted details of the compromise on Metasploit.com on Wednesday.According to Moore, a bug in a Debian OpenSSL package was created in 2006 by the removal of a piece of code, which was taken out to stop the Valgrind and Purify security tool......
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